DIGITAL ELECTRONICS SYLLABUS - 2018-19 - 4BPH6C2

III YEAR – VI SEMESTER

COURSE CODE: 4BPH6C2

CORE COURSE XIV – DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Unit I                     DIGITAL FUNDAMENTALS

Codes and Number Systems – Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number systems – Inter conversions – 8421 BCD code – Other 4 bit BCD codes – Excess 3 code – Gray code.

Basic LOGIC Gates – AND, OR, NOT, NAND, EX-OR functions – their Truth tables. NAND & NOR as Universal gates – De Morgan's theorem – Associative law, Commutative law – Distributive law.

Unit II                   COMBINATIONAL LOGIC

Binary Arithmetic Circuits – Half Adder – Full Adder– 8421 BCD Adder – Half Subtractor – Full Subtractor - Boolean Algebra – Boolean theorems.

Simplification of Boolean functions – Algebraic simplification – AND-OR logic – NAND-NAND net work – OR – AND logic – NOR-NOR network – Sum of Products & Product of Sums – Karnaugh mapping of Two, Three, Four variables – Don't care conditions

Unit III  SEQUENTIAL LOGIC

Flip-Flop – R-S Flip-Flop – Clocked R-S Flip-Flop – D Flip-Flop- J-K Flip-Flop – Triggering of Flip-Flop – Master Slave Flip-Flop.

Registers & Counters – Registers – Shift Registers – Shift Right, Shift Left Registers – Counters – Ring counter – Johnson's ring counter – Asynchronous (Ripple) Counter – Different modulii Counters – up counter – down counter – Synchronous Counter – Different modulli Counters.

Unit IV  D/A AND A/D CONVERTERS

Introduction – Variable resistor network – Binary ladder – D/A Converter – D/A accuracy and resolution – A/D converter.

Simultaneous conversion – Counter method – Successive approximation – A/D – A/D accuracy and resolution.

Unit V                   MEMORY CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS

Programming bipolar PROMS – MOS static RAM cell – MOS dynamic RAM cell – Refreshing circuits – Charged Coupled devices – Basic CCD operations.

Magnetic bubble memory – Auxiliary memory storage – Magnetic disk, floppy disk and Winchester hard disk – CD – Laser R/W systems – Flash Memory (memory stick).

Books for Study

1.       Millman and Halkias, Integrated Electronics, International Ed., McGraw Book Co., New Delhi, 1972.

2.        Malvino and Leach, Digital Principles and Application, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, VI Edn, 2008.

3.        Anokh Singh and A.K. Chhabra, Fundamentals of Digital Electronics and Microprocessors, S.Chand and Co Ltd, New Delhi, II Edn, 2005.

4.        A. Subramanyam – Applied Electronics – NPC – 2005

Books for Reference

1.        Virendra Kumar – Digital Technology Principle and Practice – New Age International Pvt. Ltd. – 2005.

2.        Floyd – UBS – 2005 – Digital Fundamentals.

3.        Samuel.C.Lee–Digital Circuits and Logic Design–Prentice Hall of India Pvt.Ltd–2005

ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS SYLLABUS - 2018-19 - 7BPH4C1

II YEAR – IV SEMESTER

COURSE CODE: 7BPH4C1

CORE COURSE VIII – ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS

Unit I                     POSITIVE RAYS

Properties of positive rays – e/m of positive rays – Aston’s, Bain Bridge’s mass spectrograph- critical potential – experimental determination of critical potential –Frank and Hertz experiment.

Photo electricity: Photoelectric emission – laws – Lenard’s experiment – Richardson and Compton experiment – Einstein’s photo electric equation – experimental verification of Einstein’s photo electric equation by Millikan’s experiment – Photoelectric cells.

Unit II                   VECTOR ATOM MODEL

Various quantum numbers – L – S and j – j Couplings – Pauli’s exclusion principle – electronic configuration of elements and periodic classification – magnetic dipole moment of electron due to orbital and spin motion – Bohr magnetron – spatial quantization – Stern and Gerlach experiment.

Fine structure of spectral lines- Spectral terms and notation – selection rules – intensity rule and interval rule – Fine structure of sodium D lines – Alkali spectra – fine structure of alkali spectra – Spectrum of Helium – Zeeman effect – Larmour’s theorem – Debye’s explanation of the normal Zeeman effect – Anomalous Zeeman effect .

Unit III  X – RAYS

Discovery – Production, Properties and absorption of X – rays – origin & analysis of continuous and characteristic X – ray spectrum – Duane & Hunt Law – Bragg’s law – derivation of Bragg’s law – Bragg’s X–ray spectrometer – Mosley’s law and its importance -  Compton effect – Derivation of expression for change in wavelength – its experimental verification.

X – ray crystallography- Definition of  Crystal – Crystal lattice – unit cell –– Bravai’s lattice – Miller indices – illustrations - Structure of KCl crystals.

Unit IV  RADIO ACTIVITY

Natural radioactivity – Laws of disintegration – half life and mean life period – Units of radioactivity – Transient and secular equilibrium – Radio carbon dating – Age of earth – Alpha rays– characteristics – Geiger – Nuttal law – α-ray spectra – Beta rays – characteristics.

                Beta ray spectra – Neutrino hypothesis - Gamma rays and internal conversion– Nuclear isomerism- artificial radioactivity- Betatron – GM counter –– Cloud chamber

Unit V                   NUCLEAR REACTION

Nuclear fission – chain reaction – four factor formula – critical mass and size – controlled chain reaction – nuclear reactor – Breeder reactor – Transuranic elements – Nuclear fusion – thermonuclear reaction – sources of stellar energy- Cosmic rays (outlines only).

Elementary Particles – Hadrons – leptons – Mesons – Baryons – Hyperons – Antiparticle and antimatter.

Text Books:

1. Modern Physics – R.Murugeshan , S.Chand &Co; 13^th Edition, New Delhi, 2008.                                                         
2. Modern Physics  –Sehgal & Chopra; Sultan Chand and publication, 9^th Edition, NewDelhi, 2013.                                                                      
3. Introduction to Modern Physics –H.S Mani, G K Mehta, Affiliated east – West  Pvt Ltd,  NewDelhi
4. Nuclear Physics – D.C Tayal , Himalaya Pub.house, V Edition,  Mumbai, 2008.                                                                   
5. Atomic & Nuclear Physics– Subramanyam & Brijal, S.Chand & Co; V Edition,  New Delhi, 2003.

Books for Reference:

1. Atomic Physics– J.B Rajam, S.Chand & Co; NewDelhi 1959
2. Concepts of Nuclear Physics – Bernard L Cohen, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1959